Fluid Statics & Bernoulli's Principle

Buoyancy, pressure, and why planes fly

Archimedes' principle: the buoyant force equals the weight of displaced fluid. An object floats when its average density is less than the fluid. Pascal's law: pressure applied to enclosed fluid transmits equally in all directions (basis of hydraulics). Bernoulli's equation is conservation of energy for flowing fluid: faster flow → lower pressure. A wing generates lift because air moves faster over the curved top surface, creating lower pressure above than below.